MACHU PICCHU

Machu Picchu: The Lost City of the Incas

Machu Picchu, one of the New Seven Wonders of the Modern World, is a must-see destination for any traveler visiting Peru. Perched high in the Andes Mountains, this Inca citadel has fascinated explorers, archaeologists, and tourists alike since its rediscovery by Hiram Bingham in 1911. Machu Picchu remains one of the most impressive testaments to the ingenuity and legacy of the Inca civilization.

History of Machu Picchu

Built in the 15th century, Machu Picchu was likely a ceremonial center and royal residence of the Inca emperor Pachacuti. The citadel is located on a plateau between the Machu Picchu and Huayna Picchu mountains, surrounded by lush tropical forest. Its finely crafted stone structures and agricultural terraces are a testament to the advanced engineering and architectural skills of the Incas.

What to See in Machu Picchu

1. Temple of the Sun

The Temple of the Sun is one of the most important buildings in Machu Picchu. Its semicircular structure was used for religious ceremonies, possibly related to the observation of the winter solstice. This temple is precisely aligned to capture the sun’s rays during key astronomical events.

2. Intihuatana

The Intihuatana is a carved stone sundial believed to have been used by the Incas to mark seasonal changes. This artifact is one of the most impressive examples of the Incas’ advanced astronomical understanding.

3. Main Plaza

The Main Plaza is the heart of Machu Picchu, surrounded by the citadel’s principal structures. It was the center for ceremonial and community activities.

4. Temple of the Three Windows

This temple, with its three trapezoidal windows, is another example of advanced Inca architecture. It is believed to have held significant symbolic meaning in religious ceremonies.

5. Huayna Picchu

For the adventurous, the hike to the top of Huayna Picchu is an unforgettable experience. From the summit, you get a panoramic view of Machu Picchu and the surrounding valley.

How to Get to Machu Picchu

There are several ways to reach Machu Picchu:

• By train: From Cusco or the Sacred Valley, visitors can take a train to the town of Aguas Calientes, from where a bus takes you up to Machu Picchu’s entrance.
• Inca Trail: For the more adventurous, the Inca Trail is a multi-day trek that culminates with a sunrise arrival at Machu Picchu. It’s a unique experience for those looking for a deeper connection to the Inca history.
• Salkantay Trek: Another trekking option is the Salkantay route, a challenging and less-traveled alternative that also ends at Machu Picchu.

Best Time to Visit Machu Picchu

The best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season, from April to October, when the weather is more predictable, and the mountain views are clear. However, due to its location in the cloud forest, Machu Picchu can be visited year-round, though the rainy season (November to March) may bring slippery paths and less visibility.

Tips for Visiting Machu Picchu

• Book in advance: Tickets for Machu Picchu and Huayna Picchu hikes sell out quickly, so it’s recommended to book months in advance.
• Visit early or late: To avoid the crowds, it’s advisable to visit Machu Picchu early in the morning or later in the afternoon.
• Wear comfortable clothing: The citadel has many steep paths, so wearing comfortable shoes and bringing sunscreen is essential.